Abstract:

This paper addresses the challenge of developing specialized corpus resources for the automated analysis of political manipulation in Russian-language media discourse. Although semantic text analysis and computational discourse analysis have advanced substantially in recent years, most existing corpora and annotation schemes are designed for English-language data and do not adequately capture the linguistic and discursive characteristics of Russian-language news media. The objective of this study is to construct a specialized corpus of Russian-language news texts and to develop an annotation scheme tailored to the automated analysis of political manipulation, with explicit consideration of the linguistic and discursive features of the Russian-language media environment. The study introduces a corpus of sentence-level fragments extracted from Russian-language news texts published between 2010 and 2019, together with an annotation scheme for manipulative techniques. The scheme is based on an adaptation of established international classifications of manipulative strategies and is reduced to a limited set of interpretable techniques relevant to Russian-language news discourse. The proposed framework covers emotional, argumentative, and contextual forms of manipulative influence. The resulting corpus and annotation scheme provide an empirical foundation for the development and evaluation of automated methods for analyzing political manipulation in Russian-language news media and may also support further research in media and political discourse.

Abstract:

he ontology-based approach to multi-agent modeling involves the implementation of a modeling system through the creation of ontologies. An example of a holistic implementation of an ontology-based approach to agent-based modeling is the IEEE 1516 Standard for Modeling and Simulation High Level Architecture. The work is devoted to a multi-agent modeling system designed for modeling complex radio engineering systems (especially radar systems), its relevance is due to the need to replace part of the field tests of radio engineering systems with simulation experiments. The motivation for switching to the IEEE 1516 standard for a "heavy" multi-agent modeling system, among other things, is to ensure scalability, openness and multiple reuse of the developed agent models, which is completely logical to do based on the existing well-developed and proven standard that establishes rules for the interaction of models and the development of software interfaces. The general principles of construction and architecture of the modeling system are given. The basic requirements for the main modeling agents, their role and place in the complex modeling system are shown, a special place among which is occupied by the simulator of the background-target environment. The possibility of combining two simulation schemes is also discussed: discrete-event and step-by-step. The fact is that the step-by-step scheme has advantages such as simplicity and clarity, it is convenient to model processing algorithms, components of radio engineering systems. However, it is impossible to implement true autonomy and asynchrony of agents in it. Combining two modeling schemes allows you to combine their advantages.

Abstract:

The heat flux distribution in the North Atlantic calculated using a stochastic difference equation scheme, namely, a first-order autoregressive scheme with random coefficients, is studied. The ERA5 database, containing geophysical data for 40 years, from 1979 to 2018, is used. The coefficients for the autoregressive series were previously determined based on these data, and it is shown that the conditions on the coefficients ensure the existence and uniqueness of a solution to this difference equation. The method for calculating distributions is based on successive integration using an autoregressive scheme. Computational experiments are conducted and analyzed. Moreover, it is shown that the theoretically calculated distributions are in good agreement with their empirical counterparts. Further, after the division of the original time series into a distinguished mean (trend) and a residual, the latter is analyzed as a stationary random process. Selected correlation functions were calculated and it is shown that they are well approximated by known analytical expressions. Those approximations allow explicitly filtering and prediction of the process under study. Numerical calculations were performed on the Lomonosov-2 supercomputer at Moscow State University.

Abstract: The observatory archive system includes a digital data storage and a search information system (SIS) with a dynamic web-based interface and http data access. To date, the system includes 16 digital collections of observational data (local archives), obtained on different instruments, operating or working on the telescopes. The earliest data refer to the end of 1994. There are currently actively replenished 6 local archives. The data storage includes a temporary storage area, located on a file server of the 6-m telescope (BTA), and the area of permanent storage. Permanent storage area includes CD / DVD-discs, a hard disk of the dedicated archive server and also a large capacity flash disk. For data protection during emergency situations or I/O defects of disks, we provide two full copies of the CD / DVD disks and two copies of the archive data on the hard disk of the archive server. One copy (A0) repeats optical discs, the other (A1), with the slightly modified directory structure, actually used by the SIS. D igital media devices and read-write data drives can not be attributed to long-term storage devices. For long-term storage of digital data it is necessary to provide rewriting of information every 5-10 years on a new type of media. Archive copies A0 and A1 are also supported for this procedure of rewriting. Archival data (A1) is repeated on a flash disk with the addition of a dump of tables and programs. There is the system backup for restoring after an emergency on the server. To ensure the modernization of the SIS, we support the two schemes of the database - test and operational. All our developments take place in the test database schema. When modifying the scheme after its checking the SIS switched to an updated version of the database. The original copy of the A0 and the availability of test database scheme allow to modernize the SIS, even at the level of the tables. Currently, the SIS implemented on DBMS PostgreSQL 8.3.7.

Abstract: When studying natural and artificial objects using satellite technology spectral data containing information on the distribution of reflecting / emitting properties of physical objects and materials by wavelength are of great importance. It should be noted that the prompt receipt of necessary spectral data from the above mentioned sources is usually the problem. This paper describes an approach to the development of the Bank of the spectral data that has advanced features that enable to realize not only the inquiry and search procedure, but rather a wide range of computational and applied procedures related to the spectral data and their attributes. Based on a systematic analysis of the subject area and the relational database model, a scheme, implemented by means of MS Access. A simple scheme of integration the database in the e-Infrastructure of permanent access to scientific resources of remote sense data is offered.

Abstract:

The solutions of the main problems associated with the formation of digital mathematical collections from documents published in the pre-digital period are presented – such collections are designated in the work as retro collections. Algorithms for creating a meta description of retro collections based on the analysis of the structure of mathematical documents and the use of software tools for extracting metadata are given. The description of retro-collections formed using the developed algorithms and included in the metadata factory of the digital mathematical library Lobachevskii-DML is given. The schemes for the formation of metadata and methods for normalizing the extracted metadata in accordance with the schemes and requirements of the integrating mathematical libraries are indicated.

Abstract:

A computational scheme for the approximate solution of an integral equation with the Grünwald–Letnikov fractional integral has been developed, based on the least squares method. A distinctive feature of this scheme is the use of a neural network to compute the coefficients for the least squares method. The relevance of the study is обусловлена by the fact that, at present, artificial intelligence is increasingly being applied to solve many practical problems related to various physical processes. An estimate of the convergence of approximate solutions to the exact solution has been obtained. Possible directions for the further application of artificial intelligence in solving physical problems are also considered.

Abstract: IGeographical aspects of "not geographical" data in information systems are considered. It is shown, that practically all widespread schemes of metadata suppose job with the geographical coordinates reflecting geographical aspect of an information content of described object. The situation varies at the context description which geographical aspect can be presented only place names more often. Necessity of expansion of schemes of data is proved. Geographical services of electronic libraries (search, cataloguing, navigation) are discussed. As illustrations the structure of a server program complex is resulted, graphic user interfaces are shown.

Abstract:

This article focuses on developing forms for presenting the results of analyzing and comparing the characteristics of programming languages, systems, and paradigms. The proposed form is demonstrated through a comparison of the Lisp language, its most successful dialects (Scheme, Common Lisp, Racket, Clojure), and the functional programming paradigm across different levels of language and system definition. The form allows for a concise presentation of the inheritance of several features of the Lisp language and their evolution in its dialects, at the levels of concrete syntax, abstract semantics, and implementation pragmatics.

Abstract: This review discusses methods and algorithms for increasing linked data expressiveness which are prepared for Web publication. The main approaches to the enrichment of ontologies are considered, the methods on which they are based and the tools for implementing the corresponding methods are described.The main stage in the general scheme of the related data life cycle in a cloud of Linked Open Data is the stage of building a set of related RDF- triples. To improve the classification of data and the analysis of their quality, various methods are used to increase the expressiveness of related data. The main ideas of these methods are concerned with the enrichment of existing ontologies (an expansion of the basic scheme of knowledge) by adding or improving terminological axioms. Enrichment methods are based on methods used in various fields, such as knowledge representation, machine learning, statistics, natural language processing, analysis of formal concepts, and game theory.

Abstract:

In the context of ever-increasing informatization, automation and digitalization of business, new schemes of unfair actions by both legal entities and individuals are emerging. In this regard, there is an acute problem of quick, effective and high-quality identification of information about a potential or current counterparty, which will allow you to quickly make the right management decisions.

The article describes one of the ways to solve this problem - the development of a system of information monitoring of counterparties, which will allow you to quickly identify and analyze information about their activities.

Abstract:

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality, and automated electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis can ease clinical workloads but is limited by scarce and imbalanced data. Synthetic ECG can mitigate these issues, and while most methods use Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), recent work show variational autoencoders (VAEs) perform comparably. We introduce cNVAE-ECG, a conditional Nouveau VAE (NVAE) that generates high-resolution, 12-lead, 10-second ECGs with multiple pathologies. Leveraging a compact channel-generation scheme and class embeddings for multi-label conditioning, cNVAE-ECG improves downstream binary and multi-label classification, achieving up to a 2% AUROC gain in transfer learning over GAN-based models.

Abstract:

Virtual odor is a new technology that allows the user to plunge the user completely into virtual reality. In the paper, we propose a method of using virtual odor in learning systems for criminalists. We also describe the scheme of this method.

Abstract: The architecture of the Binary star DataBase (BDB) being constructed in the Institute of astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences is described. The purpose of the BDB creation is to join the comprehensive information on binary stars of all observational and evolutionary types originated from a variety of catalogues and databases of binary and multiple stars, as well as to make a convenient tool for work with these catalogues data. We consider the main problems arising in the process of BDB implementation, the methods of gathering information of original catalogues, as well as the schemes of cross-identification of the objects. The BDB is realized on the basis of the Nagare framework (stackless Python/SQLAlchemy/Elixir) and of the Postgresql database management system, its beta-version is available at http://bdb.inasan.ru.

Abstract: The problem of representation of mathematical subject domains in digital libraries and usefulness of these resources for experts is discussed. The option of representation of mathematical subject domains on the Internet is given. As information model for unit of record article of the thesaurus is chosen. Implementation of the scheme is shown on the example of the partial differential equations. Approach to the organization of information space of the author is offered, using the thesaurus by the addressee. On the basis of descriptions of subject domains of individuals creation of ontology of scientific cross-disciplinary community is supposed what, according to authors, will allow not to lose new result or opening in science, to observe priorities of authors, to build in new knowledge the settled system of classical subject domains.

Abstract:

The Open access movement has a long history. In 2002 the Budapest Open access initiative was first announced. However, the problem of Open access has not yet been fully and definitively resolved. In 2018 The European Union has adopted Plan S, which calls for making Open access a reality by 2020. Plan S emphasizes the importance of self-archiving of articles and the role of Preprint’s archives (servers) for scientific results placement. It is noted that Preprint archives have a great potential for editorial and publishing innovations. Scientific journals with limited reader access that operate on a commercial basis do not give up their positions. But even here we see some progress. Journals have become less rigid in their policy towards preprints and post-prints.

More and more foreign scientists are becoming adherents of the "Fair open access" movement, which offers a new organizational solution. The journal must have a scientific organization or non-profit Foundation as a founder, that hires a group of executors to provide editorial and publishing services. Editors and publishers should not have their own commercial interests. The scientific journal should be funded from the general contribution of organizations.

The article considers a modern type of online scientific journal — the overlay journal. The cost of an issue of the overlay journal is so low that the journal can easily implements the "free for the author, free for the reader" scheme. The overlay journal is based on the public servers of preprints. The online overlay journal reviews the article received from the archive. If the article is accepted for publication, the article metadata is published on the journal website, and the full text of corrected article is re-archived. This way of working does not overload the archive functionality, but it allows to reduce the financial burden on the overlay journal.

Abstract:

The article describes the experience of digital transformation of mathematical disciplines based on author's digital educational platform Mirera. The Mirera DEP is optimized for the Russian system of organization of higher education, focused on the development and delivery of courses that combine online and offline technologies for conducting the educational process. The Mirera DEP provides course authors with tools for developing computerized courses with automated verification of the correctness and independence of current and control tasks performed by students using artificial intelligence methods. Various original types of tests are built into the platform, supporting both in the description of tasks and in answer options, content in various formats, including TeX, sequences of elements (for automated testing of student knowledge of the structure of proof of course theorems or schemes for solving typical problems), semantic analysis of text responses, etc.

Abstract: Эта статья является первой в серии статей, посвященных функциональным методам обработки XML-данных, которые могут использоваться для реализации основанных на XML электронных библиотек.
В статье рассматривается SXML - реализация XML Information Set в виде вложенных списков (S-выражений) и функциональный язык программирования Схема (Scheme), который естественным образом обрабатывает S-выражения и, таким образом, SXML. Подобный подход позволяет обойти проблему несоответствия импеданса, которая возникает во многих современных XML-приложениях, и в электронных библиотеках в частности.

Abstract:

The paper analyzes the statistical and temporal seasonal and decadal variability of the atmospheric pressure field in the Arctic region of Russia. Schemes for the frequency analysis of probability transitions for characteristics of stochastic-diffusion processes were used as the main research method. On the basis of the given series of 60 years long from 1948 to 2008, such parameters of diffusion processes as the mean (drift process) and variance (diffusion process) were calculated and their maps and time curves were constructed. The seasonal and long-term variability of calculated fields was studied as well as their dependencies on a discretization of the frequency intervals. These characteristics were analyzed and their geophysical interpretation was carried out. In particular, the known cycles of solar activity in 11 and 22 years were revealed. Numerical calculations were performed on the Lomonosov-2 supercomputer of the Lomonosov Moscow State University.

Abstract:

The observational data for 1979-2018 in the North Atlantic region are analyzed. These data were obtained as a result of the implementation of the project of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the study of the atmosphere in the North Atlantic (RAS-NAAD). The dataset provides many surface and free atmosphere parameters based on the sigma model and meets the many requirements of meteorologists, climatologists and oceanographers working in both research and operational fields. The paper analyzes the seasonal and long-term variability of the field of heat fluxes and water surface temperature in the North Atlantic. Schemes for analyzing diffusion processes were used as the main research method. Based on the given series of 40 years in length from 1979 to 2018, such parameters of diffusion processes as the mean (process drift) and variance (process diffusion) were calculated and their maps and time curves were constructed. Numerical calculations realized on the Lomonosov-2 supercomputer of the Lomonosov Moscow State University.

Abstract:

The paper presents mathematical models developed by the authors and a variational method for calculating spatial rod structures reinforced in a loaded state. The proposed models and calculation method offer broader capabilities compared to existing ones. Their application enables calculations for rod systems reinforced through methods such as increasing the cross-sections of rods, modifying the design scheme, and altering the deformed state. Complex rod structures with various cross-sectional shapes are examined. The calculations are based on the hypotheses of Timoshenko's beam theory. For thin-walled rods, the principles of thin-walled rod theory are additionally applied, taking shear deformations into account. It is assumed that the material of the rod element follows the diagram of a linearly hardening material. The calculation of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the reinforced structure is performed in stages:

1) at the initial stage, displacements and stresses in the structural elements under the action of initial loads are calculated;

2) at the second stage, the values of the mounting forces and stresses arising when reinforcing elements are attached to the main structural elements are determined;

3) at the final stage, the reinforced structure is analyzed under the effects of additional loads applied after reinforcement.

Based on the proposed models and calculation method, examples of calculation for operational structures reinforced by various methods are provided.

Abstract:

Analysis of various presentations for context free grammars provided with parser generators. A new description format of context free grammars is proposed. Given a representation of context free grammar in JSON format. The concept of a new parser generator based on JSON data format of describing context free grammars is presented. Described a parser generation scheme based on that concept.

Abstract:

The convection of matter in the Earth's upper mantle is considered, which in the Oberbeck–Boussinesq approximation is due to thermogravitational differentiation. Within the framework of this approximation, a 2-D numerical simulation of convective flows of the medium matter was performed. The equation for temperature follows from the entropy balance relation, where, due to taking into account the variable viscosity in the system, there is an effect of energy dissipation. The boundary conditions correspond to the assignment of the temperature generally accepted at the boundary of the upper and lower mantles, and for the lateral boundaries - their thermal insulation. At the asthenosphere–lithosphere boundary, assumptions were made that the heat dynamics is determined by its flow from the asthenosphere layer closest to the boundary, part of the heat dissipation along the boundary, and heat consumption for melting the lithosphere matter. Numerical solution of the constitutive equations is carried out in variables stream function - vorticity. An iterative scheme for their solution is given. The issues of software implementation of the numerical simulation apparatus are discussed. It is shown that under such boundary conditions, a quasi-periodic regime of heat oscillations is formed in the system under consideration.

Abstract:

The tool for building ratings of scientific journals is one of the popular services of bibliographic databases. The task of building a rating is usually divided into two main subtasks: determining the reference group of journals and calculating the rating indicator for journals of this reference group. Practice shows that for the correct comparison of journals, a necessary condition is to limit the reference group to exclusively journals of a certain subject. In the case of methodological errors made at the stage of selecting a reference group, the values of the journal index in the rating may differ greatly from the expected ones.

For example, in the ranking of journals in the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) according to the two-year impact factor in the thematic area “Mathematics”, classical fundamental mathematical journals, contrary to expectations, do not reach the first positions of the rating. The first positions were taken by journals for which mathematics is not the dominant profile discipline. Analysis of statistical data on the subject of published articles and citations in journals that occupy leading positions in the RSCI rating shows that the multidisciplinary nature of these journals significantly influenced the rating indicators.

The noted misunderstanding leads to the idea that in this case, not all the articles of the journal should have been involved in the calculation of the rating, but only those related to this thematic area. At the same time, the existing scheme of thematic classification of directions also raises questions. The "bottom-up" classification, which is gaining popularity and works on a representative array of articles, seems to be more promising. Here thematic clusters are isolated on the basis of the concept of proximity of articles, interpreted as the proximity of their bibliographic links. And further, the thematic affiliation of the article is not assigned by the volitional decision of the author or the editorial board, but is strictly formally calculated on the basis of its bibliographic list.

Abstract: Traditional way for discovery of astronomical objects involves investigation, creation and use of new telescopes and observational methods. The creation of Virtual Observatory (VO) allowed to change this scheme, using existing data gathered in the archives and catalogues for the new discoveries. The main goal of the VO creation is to allow the users access to data that were once received, from every telescope in the world to any computer, at any time. Virtual observatory includes:;astronomical data (as archives of space and ground-based telescopes, catalogues, databases); tools for search, data access, and data processing; scientific applications of the results of data processing.