Improving Short Text Classification Robustness to Stochastic Noise Based on Density-Driven Training Data Cleaning

Main Article Content

Andrey Petrovich Khalov

Abstract

The paper addresses the problem of short text request classification under conditions of significant class imbalance and high noise levels in real-world communication flows. The limited effectiveness of synthetic oversampling techniques when dealing with noisy labeling is demonstrated. A hybrid method is proposed, combining preliminary density-based data cleaning and multi-level model ensembling. The application of a density-based clustering algorithm enabled the exclusion of 16.5% of informational noise from the total sample volume. The final model features a two-level architecture and is optimized using Bayesian hyperparameter search. A Recall@3 (R@3) metric of 97.4% was achieved on a hold-out test set. The proposed method allows for the automation of the request distribution process, significantly reducing operator workload and decreasing dispatch time.

Article Details

How to Cite
Baishev, B. B., and A. P. Khalov. “Improving Short Text Classification Robustness to Stochastic Noise Based on Density-Driven Training Data Cleaning”. Russian Digital Libraries Journal, vol. 29, no. 3, June 2026, pp. 681-98, doi:10.26907/1562-5419-2026-29-3-681-698.

References

1. Zhang Y. et al. Deep Long-Tailed Learning: A Survey // IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 2023. Vol. 45, No. 3. P. 3079–3099. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2021.3114116
2. Chawla N.V., Bowyer K.W., Hall L.O., Kegelmeyer W.P. SMOTE: synthetic minority over-sampling technique // Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research. 2002. Vol. 16. P. 321–357. https://doi.org/10.1613/jair.953
3. Zha D. et al. Data-centric Artificial Intelligence: A Survey // ACM Computing Surveys. 2025. Vol. 57, No. 5. Article 129.https://doi.org/10.1145/3711118
4. Salton G., Buckley C. Term-weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval // Information Processing & Management. 1988. Vol. 24, No. 5. P. 513–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(88)90021-0
5. Batiuk T., Dosyn D. Intellectual analysis of textual data in social networks using BERT and XGBOOST // Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo Unìversitetu Lʹvìvsʹka Polìtehnìka Serìâ Ìnformacìjnì Sistemi Ta Merežì. 2025. Vol. 17. P. 44–60. https://doi.org/10.23939/sisn2025.17.044
6. Parmar M., Tiwari A. Enhancing text classification performance using stacking ensemble method with TF-IDF feature extraction // Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics (ICMCSI). Kathmandu, Nepal. 2024. P. 166–174. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMCSI61480.2024.10493890
7. Zemp M. Text classification of service desk tickets. Master's thesis. Winterthur, Zurich University of Applied Sciences. 2021. https://www.zhaw.ch/storage/shared/upload/MAS21_Ticket_Classification_Zemp.pdf
8. Akhbardeh F., Alm C.O., Zampieri M., Desell T. Handling extreme class imbalance in technical logbook datasets // Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (ACL-IJCNLP). Online. 2021. P. 4034–4045. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.acl-long.312
9. Padurariu C., Breaban M.E. Dealing with data imbalance in text classification // Procedia Computer Science. 2019. Vol. 159. P. 736–745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.229
10. Asyaky M.S., Mandala R. Improving the performance of HDBSCAN on short text clustering by using word embedding and UMAP // 2021 8th International Conference on Advanced Informatics: Concepts, Theory and Applications (ICAICTA). Bandung, Indonesia. 2021. P. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAICTA53211.2021.9640285
11. McInnes L., Healy J., Astels S. hdbscan: Hierarchical density based clustering // Journal of Open Source Software. 2017. Vol. 2, No. 11. P. 205. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.00205
12. Khalov A.P., Ataeva O.M. Automatic and semi-automatic methods for constructing a domain knowledge graph and ontology expansion // Russian Digital Libraries Journal. 2025. Vol. 28, No. 6. P. 1481–1519 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.26907/1562-5419-2025-28-6-1481-1519
13. Wolpert D.H. Stacked generalization // Neural Networks. 1992. Vol. 5, No. 2. P. 241–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-6080(05)80023-1
14. Charikar M.S. Similarity estimation techniques from rounding algorithms // Proceedings of the thirtieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (STOC). 2002. P. 380–388. https://doi.org/10.1145/509907.509965
15. Micci-Barreca D. A preprocessing scheme for high-cardinality categorical attributes in classification and prediction problems // SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter. 2001. Vol. 3, No. 1. P. 27–32. https://doi.org/10.1145/507533.507538
16. Chen T., Guestrin C. XGBoost: A scalable tree boosting system // Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD). San Francisco, USA. 2016. P. 785–794. https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939785
17. Akiba T., Sano S., Yanase T., Ohta T., Koyama M. Optuna: A next-generation hyperparameter optimization framework // Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining (KDD). Anchorage, USA. 2019. P. 2623–2631. https://doi.org/10.1145/3292500.3330701